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Pylon turn
A pylon turn is a flight maneuver in which an aircraft banks into a circular turn, in such a way that an imaginary line projecting straight out the side of the aircraft (nominally the wing) points to a fixed point on the ground. The maneuver originated early in the 20th century in air racing.
The mechanics of the maneuver allow it to occur only at a certain bank angle for a given speed and altitude, or at a certain altitude for a given speed and bank angle, or at a certain speed for a given bank angle and altitude. In some contexts, simply making a turn around a fixed point on the ground (such as a physical pylon) is called a "pylon turn". In these cases, the altitude may be incorrect for the maneuver to be a proper "pylon turn" where all three parameters (altitude, speed, bank angle) come together for the wing to point to the fixed turning center on the ground.
== Racing ==
The pylon turn was originally used in air racing, where courses were set up with pylons to mark a location on the ground, and the planes would have to turn around at that point before returning to the airstrip. Pylons are also used in triples to set up a triangular circuit for aviation races—races in which all competitors must stay ''outside'' of the three pylons.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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